Bone Skates Database

letzte Aktualisierung: 19.08.2010

 

This database contains information gathered for the bone skate project by Hans Christian Küchelmann and Petar Zidarov for the 4th Meeting of the ICAZ Worked Bone Research Group (WBRG) at Tallinn, Estonia, August 2003.
The database will be updated as new evidence evolves. Anybody who likes to contribute information about bone skate finds not listed here is welcome. Please contact info@knochenarbeit.de.

Explanations
Modifications:
The majority of the examples found show the following orientation of the skate in relation to the bone:
cranial / dorsal side of bone = gliding side of skate
caudal / palmar / plantar side of bone = standing side of skate
distal end of bone = front of skate
proximal end of bone = rear of skate
Known exceptions are noted in the remarks column.
1 distal end shaped to a pointed tip bone skate 1
2 distal end dorsal / cranial upswept bone skate 2
3 proximal end dorsal / cranial upswept bone skate 3
4 chopping of lateral and medial side distal bone skate 4
5 chopping of lateral and medial side proximal bone skate 5
6 chopping of caudal / plantar / palmar side distal bone skate 6
7 chopping of caudal / plantar / palmar side proximal bone skate 7
8 drilled transverse hole distal bone skate 8
9 drilled transverse hole proximal bone skate 9
10 drilled axial hole in the proximal articulation surface bone skate 10
11 two oblique holes distal bone skate 11
12 two oblique holes proximal bone skate 12
13 other holes (see remarks column)
14 iron loop in distal articulation surface
15 iron loop in proximal articulation surface bone skate 15
16 other fastening device (see remarks column)
17 roughening of the caudal / palmar / plantar side by blows with coarse tool bone skate 17
18 flattening of the cranial / dorsal side evident by visible grinding or chopping marks
19 upper half of the caudal / palmar / plantar side of the bone removed, medullar cavity exposed bone skate 19
The following modifications are not mentioned since they are part of the functional
definition of bone skates:
• Removing of protruding parts of the later gliding surface
• A plane, polished gliding surface with predominantly axial striations resulting from use
Species:
Cattle = Bos taurus
Donkey = Equus asinus
Horse = Equus caballus
Red deer = Cervus elaphus
Sheep = Ovis aries
Wolf = Canis lupus
Dating:
BC = before Christ, AD = Anno Domini, cent. = century
References (pdf-file, 72 kB)
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Bone Skate Table

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All records are displayed.
Location Country Dating Period Culture N Species Skeletal
Element 		Modification Remarks Reference Collection Archive
Number
Premyslemi Czech Republic Early Bronze Age Knoviz
1
 horse
Schranil 1928, 169
Albertfalva Hungary ca. 2500 BC Early Bronze Age Bell Beaker
1
 Horse Radius
9
 Choyke et al. 2003, 183, 185; Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 318, fig. 2-3
Albertfalva Hungary ca. 2500 BC Early Bronze Age Bell Beaker
3
 Horse Radius
Choyke et al. 2003, 183, 185; Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 318
South West Slovakia Slovakia Early Bronze Age Madarovce
?
 ? ?
Tocik 1959
Szazhalom- batta-Földvar Hungary 1800 - 1500 BC Middle Bronze Age Vatya
1
 Cattle Radius
3
 Choyke et al. 2003, 183, 185, 187, fig. 15; Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 318-319, fig. 5
Szazhalom- batta-Földvar Hungary 1800 - 1500 BC Middle Bronze Age Vatya
1
 Cattle Radius
Choyke et al. 2003, 183, 185, 187, fig. 15; Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 318-319
Szazhalom- batta-Földvar Hungary 1800 - 1500 BC Middle Bronze Age Vatya
1
 Cattle Radius
Choyke et al. 2003, 183, 185, 187; Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 318-319
Törökbálint Hungary Late Bronze Age
2
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13
 3rd transversal holes through proximal half of the bone; vertical holes into 3rd transversal holes Choyke, e-mails 16.10. -1.11.2003; ; Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 320
Lébény-Kaszás- domb, feature 145 Hungary Late Bronze Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 320-321
Lébény-Kaszás- domb, feature 100 Hungary Late Bronze Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
13
 cross-shaped hole on palmar side, distal end palmar upswept Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 320 exhibition Hanság Museum Mosonmag- yaróvár
Lébény-Kaszás- domb Hungary Late Bronze Age
1
 ? ?
Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 321
Gyor Hungary 1200 - 1000 BC Late Bronze Age Tumulus Culture
2
 ? Metapodium
Choyke, e-mail 15.5.2004; Choyke & Bartosiewicz 2005, 320
Zlatopol' Ukrainia Late Bronze Age Sabatynivka
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8
 unfinished? Gerskovic 1999, pl. 10.1
Sabatynivka Ukrainia Late Bronze Age Sabatynivka
Horse Metatarsus
Pankovskiy, Abstracts WBRG Paris 2007
Sabatynivka Ukrainia Late Bronze Age Sabatynivka
Cattle Radius
Pankovskiy, Abstracts WBRG Paris 2007
Novakievka Ukrainia Late Bronze Age Sabatynivka
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2
 Gerskovic 1999, pl. 34.4
Novakievka Ukrainia Late Bronze Age Sabatinovka
1
 Horse Metapodium
Gerskovic 1999, pl. 34.5
Novakievka Ukrainia Late Bronze Age Sabatynivka
1
 Horse Metapodium
11
 Gerskovic 1999, pl. 34.6
Höngeda Germany Bronze Age
2
 horse radius
Sellmann 1911, 69-70, pl. IX.6-7 201, 204
Verebély Hungary Bronze Age?
2
 Horse Metapodium
dating doubtful! Herman 1902, 222, pl. V.4
Lake Settlements Switzerland Bronze Age?
?
 ? ?
Tschumi 1949, 621
Prellenkirchen, Leitha-Marsch Austria Early Iron Age Late Laténe
1
 horse metatarsus
2, 4, 5 Adam, in prep.; Kunst, e-mail 26.6.2003 + 9.7.2009
Greda, Mako Petrovits Veliki, Donia Dolina Bosnia Early Iron Age Late Hallstatt
1
 horse ?
7 or 8, 11 or 12
 Curcic 1912, 535; Trubelka 1904, 154
Zwingendorf Austria 4th cent. Roman Iron Age
1
 horse metacarpus
2, 6
 Kunst 2002, 264-269, 279, pl. 3a-c ZW 252
Zwingendorf Austria 4th cent. Roman Iron Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2, 17, 18, 19
 Kunst 2002, 263-269, 278, pl. 2b-c ZW 151/96
Zwingendorf Austria 4th cent. Roman Iron Age
1
 horse metacarpus
5, 7, 18
 proximal fragment Kunst 2002, 264-269, 279, pl. 3d ZW 95/96
Zwingendorf Austria 4th cent. Roman Iron Age
1
 horse metacarpus
17, 18
 not used, interpretation not certain Kunst 2002, 264-269, 280, pl. 4a ZW 10/96
Mautern, Vicus Ost Austria 100–140 AD Roman Iron Age Roman
1
 cattle radius
4
 Groh & Sedlmayer 2006, 909; Kunst 2006, 725 826/55, Parz. 800, PQ 94
Gerasdorf am Steinfeld Austria 1st cent AD Roman Iron Age Roman
1
 cattle radius
Kunst, pers. com. 9.3.2005, 9.7.2009
Oberdorla Germany Roman Iron Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2
 Barthel 1969, 211-212, 222, pl. 34.2 Museum Weimar MW 127/62
Oberdorla Germany Roman Iron Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 4, 6, 7, 17,
 Barthel 1969, 211-212, 223, pl. 32.2 Museum Weimar MW III/56/40
Oberdorla Germany Roman Iron Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 10
 hole ż 17 mm Barthel 1969, 211-212, 223, pl. 32.1 Museum Weimar MW 12/60
Oberdorla Germany Roman Iron Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 4, 7, 17
 Barthel 1969, 211-212, 223-224, pl. 34.1 Museum Weimar MW 306/64/15
Mühlhausen, Thüringen Germany 1st cent. BC Roman Iron Age Latčne
1
 horse metacarpus
1, 2
 Sellmann 1911, 68-70, pl. IX.5 125
Köln, Flottenlager Alteburg Germany 0-300 AD Roman Iron Age Roman
1
 wolf radius
3, 4, 6, 7
 proxmal and distal end sawn off Berke 2004
Kliestow bei Frankfurt (Oder) Germany 2nd - 4th cent. Roman Iron Age Germanic
1
 artiodactyla Tibia
fragment Marschalleck 1940, 302 Haus 4
Kliestow bei Frankfurt (Oder) Germany 2nd - 4th cent. Roman Iron Age Germanic
1
 ? ?
fragment Marschalleck 1940, 302 Haus 6
Gera-Tinz Germany Roman Iron Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 4, 7
 Barthel 1969, 217; Dusek 1999, 187 Museum Weimar MW 742/65
Feddersen Wierde Germany 1st cent. BC - 4th cent. AD Roman Iron Age Germanic
1
 cattle metatarsus
2, 3
 Haarnagel 1979, 341, pl. 56.3; Reichstein 1991a 304, 307; 1991b, pl. 59.1
Feddersen Wierde Germany 1st cent. BC - 4th cent. AD Roman Iron Age Germanic
1
 cattle metatarsus
2
 Reichstein 1991a, 307; 1991b, pl. 59.2
Feddersen Wierde Germany 1st cent. BC - 4th cent. AD Roman Iron Age Germanic
1
 horse metacarpus
2
 Reichstein 1991a, 307; 1991b, pl. 61.1
London, Tokenhouse Yard Great Britain Roman Iron Age?
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8, 15
 found with Samian Pottery MacGregor 1976, 59-60, fig. 1C British Museum London
Gyoma 133, pit 88 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
7
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312, 319, fig. 2
Gyoma 133, pit 65 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312
Gyoma 133, pit 64 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312
Gyoma 133, pit 51 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
4, 5
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312, 319, fig. 2
Gyoma 133, pit 51 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3, 5
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312, 319, fig. 2
Gyoma 133, pit 48 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3, 7
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312
Gyoma 133, pit 46 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-311
Gyoma 133, pit 45 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
18
 Choyke 1996, 307-311
Gyoma 133, pit 45 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 Choyke 1996, 307-311, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133, pit 41 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-311
Gyoma 133, pit 41 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 Choyke 1996, 307-311
Gyoma 133, pit 41 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3, 6, 18
 Choyke 1996, 307-311, 319, fig. 2
Gyoma 133, pit 40 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 6, 7
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 319, fig. 2
Gyoma 133, pit 379 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metapodium
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 315
Gyoma 133, pit 352 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 315
Gyoma 133, pit 327 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 315
Gyoma 133, pit 319 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 6, 7
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 315
Gyoma 133, pit 296 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 314
Gyoma 133, pit 277 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 314, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133, pit 266 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
18
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 314, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133, pit 259 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 314, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133, pit 214 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 314
Gyoma 133, pit 202 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 313
Gyoma 133, pit 202 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
18
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 313, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133, pit 199 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 313, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133, pit 182 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3, 18
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 313, 319, fig. 2
Gyoma 133, pit 180 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 313
Gyoma 133, pit 17 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310
Gyoma 133, pit 166 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 313, 319, fig. 2
Gyoma 133, pit 143 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 313
Gyoma 133, pit 124 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312
Gyoma 133, pit 120 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 312, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133, D 6 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
4, 5
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 316
Gyoma 133, C 3 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
3, 4, 5, 6, 7
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 316
Gyoma 133, B 13 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
6, 7, 18
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 316
Gyoma 133, A 10 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 18
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 315, 318, fig. 1
Gyoma 133 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
3
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 315-316
Gyoma 133 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
Choyke 1996, 307-310, 316-317
Gyoma 133 Hungary Roman Iron Age Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2
 Choyke 1996, 307-310, 317
Wroclaw, Magnice Poland Roman Iron Age
1
 horse metpodium
2
 exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009
Polwica, distr. Olawski Poland Roman Iron Age
1
 horse metacarpus
exhibition Archaeological Museum Wroclaw 9/2009
Polwica, distr. Olawski Poland Roman Iron Age
1
 horse metacarpus
exhibition Archaeological Museum Wroclaw 9/2009 5/1702
Vlisseghem Belgium 5th - 8th cent. Migration Period Frankish
1
 ? ?
de Lo‘ 1939, 178
Sorte Muld Denmark 5th - 6th cent. Migration Period
?
 ? ?
Klindt-Jensen 1951, 20; 1957, 140-141
Endrőd 170 Hungary 4th - 5th cent. Migration Period Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3
 Bartosiewicz 2003, 116-117, fig. 16; Choyke 1997, 71
Endrőd 170 Hungary 4th - 5th cent. Migration Period Sarmatian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 Bartosiewicz 2003, 116-117, fig. 16; Choyke 1997, 71
Endrőd 170 Hungary 4th - 5th cent. Migration Period Sarmatian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Bartosiewicz 2003, 116-117, fig. 16; Choyke 1997, 71
Gara Banca Romania 4th - 5th cent. Migration Period Mures-Cerneahov
1
 cattle Metacarpus
2
 Stanc & Bejenaru, presentation WBRG conference Paris 8/2007
Vallhagar Sweden Migration Period
1
 Horse Radius
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
 Stenberger 1955, 857-859, 1105-1108, 1080, fig. 458.12, 468
Baumgarten an der March Austria Early Middle Age
2
 horse metatarsus
2
 Kunst 2009, 198-201, Abb. 1 Objekt 13
Baumgarten an der March Austria Early Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
fragment, cranial surface worn down till medullar cavity Kunst 2009, 199-201 Objekt 67
Baumgarten an der March Austria Early Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
18
 semi-finished Kunst 2009, 201 Objekt 13
Durankulak Bulgaria 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 ? Radius
Todorova 1989, pl. 5
Durankulak Bulgaria 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Todorova 1989, pl. 5
Durankulak Bulgaria 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 ? Radius
Todorova 1989, pl. 5
Ribe, Domerhaven Denmark Early Middle Age Viking
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2
 Ambrosiani 1981, 138-139, fig. 88 D 6008
Ribe, Domerhaven Denmark Early Middle Age Viking
1
 Cattle or Horse Metapodium
Ambrosiani 1981, 138-139 7709
Ribe, Domerhaven Denmark Early Middle Age Viking
1
 Cattle or Horse Metapodium
Ambrosiani 1981, 138-139 D 6558
Pada Estonia 8th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
8
 Luik 2000, fig. 2; Luik & Maldre 2005, 264, fig. 2 AI 5082: 261
Pada Estonia 8th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
9
 Luik 2000, fig. 3.1; Luik & Maldre 2005, 264, fig. 2 AI 5082: 851
Pada Estonia 8th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age
5 - 7
 Horse Metapodium
14 fragments Luik & Maldre 2005, 264
Schleswig-Holstein Germany 8th - 10th cent. Early middle Age Viking
2
 ? ?
exhibition Heimatmuseum Nordstrand
Sachsen Germany 7th - 9th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
?
 ? ?
Jacob 1911, 220
Menzlin Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
7
 Horse, Cattle Metapodium, Radius
Schoknecht 1977, 99-146, 192
Igersheim Germany 6th - 8th cent. Early Middle Age Merovingian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
plantar side = gliding surface Kokabi et al. 1994, 91, fig. 10
Groß Raden Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
5
 Cattle Metapodium
2, 3
 Schuldt 1985
Groß Raden Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
2
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2
 Schuldt 1985, fig. 9, 11
Groß Raden Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
2
 Horse Metapodium
2, 3
 Schuldt 1985, fig. 10, 22
Groß Raden Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 18
 Schuldt 1985, fig. 25
Groß Raden Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
3
 ? Radius
2
 Schuldt 1985, fig. 18, 19, 28
Groß Raden Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
29
 ? ?
Schuldt 1985
Feddersen Wierde Germany Early Middle Age Germanic
1
 horse metacarpus
2, 3, 10
 Haarnagel 1979, 341, pl. 56.1; Reichstein 1991a, 307
Esens Germany 7th cent. Early Middle Age Frisian
1
 Cattle Metapodium
2, 3, 6, 7
 Bärenfänger 2002, 259, 282, 285, fig. 51.2
Bremen, Wummensiede Germany 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
Focke-Museum Bremen FM 8022
Bremen, Bredenplatz, 231-Altstadt Germany 8th - 9th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 cattle metatarsus
2
 Küchelmann, in prep. Landes-archäologie Bremen 55 (1); Bf. 124
Bremen, Bredenplatz, 231-Altstadt Germany 8th - 9th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
5, 19
 Küchelmann, in prep. Landes-archäologie Bremen 54; Bf. 121
Berlin-Spandau Germany 700 - 830 Early Middle Age Slavic
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
18
 Becker 1990, fig. 1 BW14 If17955
Berlin-Spandau Germany 940 - 970 Early Middle Age Slavic
1
 Cattle Radius
Becker 1990, fig. 3f BW15 IF16218
Berlin-Spandau Germany 940 - 983 Early Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 7
 Becker 1990 BW14 If18562
Berlin-Spandau Germany 970 - 983 Early Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse Radius
7, 18
 Becker 1990 BW17 If18780
Berlin-Spandau Germany 970 - 983 Early Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 6, 7
 Becker 1990, fig. 1, 3c, 4b BW17 If19685
Berlin-Spandau Germany 750 - 830 Early Middle Age Slavic
1
 horse metacarpus
4, 5, 17
 Becker 1993, 96, 98, pl. 2, 3.1 SF 105 BW 22/37
Bayern Germany Early Middle Age
10
 ? ?
Schäffer & von den Driesch 1983
York, Piccadilly Great Britain 10th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus ?
1, 2, 5, 7, 10
 found with hazel wood peg MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2049 7930 / sf697
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 6, 7, 10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2022 7120 / sf8843
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 ? ?
MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2022 7121 / sf10934
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2, 6, 7, 10, 17
 fragment of wooden peg (willow?) in axial hole MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2022-2023, fig. 942, 944a-b, 945a 7122 / sf12208
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Radius
2, 8, 9
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7123 / sf13148
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7124 / sf13395
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 13
 oblique hole in distal end MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023, fig. 942 7125 / sf14001
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 930 - 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
17
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023, fig. 942 7126 / sf7722
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 930 - 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Radius
2
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7127 / sf7866
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 930 - 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
1
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7128 / sf7867
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 930 - 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2, 10,
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7129 / sf7906
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 930 - 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 3
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7130 / sf9219
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 930 - 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2, 6, 7, 17
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023, fig. 942, 944c-d 7131 / sf10629
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 930 - 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 3
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7132 / sf14109
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7133 / sf7310
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 6, 7, 10, 18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7134 / sf7343
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 6, 7, 10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7135 / sf7360
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
7, 18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023, fig. 943, 945b 7136 / sf7893
York, Coppergate Great Britain ca. 975 Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 5, 7, 18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7137 / sf11723
Thetford, England Great Britain 9th - 11th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
3
 Horse Radius
Rogerson & Dallas 1984, 177-179, fig. 195-197
Thetford, England Great Britain Early Middle Age Saxo-Norman
1
 Horse Tibia
MacGregor 1976, 72
Thetford, England Great Britain 9th - 11th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
2
 Horse Metacarpus
Rogerson & Dallas 1984, 177-179, fig. 195-197
Thetford, England Great Britain 9th - 11th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
4
 Horse Metatarsus
Rogerson & Dallas 1984, 177-179, fig. 195-197
Thetford, England Great Britain 9th - 11th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Radius
Rogerson & Dallas 1984, 177-179, fig. 195-197
Thetford, England Great Britain 9th - 11th cent. Early Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
3
 Cattle Metatarsus
Rogerson & Dallas 1984, 177-179, fig. 195-197
Reigate Great Britain Early Middle Age Saxo-Norman
1
 Red Deer Metatarsus
MacGregor 1985, 144
Oxford Great Britain 9th cent. Early Middle Age
1?
 ? ?
MacGregor 1985, 144
Bedford Great Britain 8th cent. Early Middle Age
1?
 ? ?
MacGregor 1985, 144
Tiel Netherlands 9th - 11th cent. Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 4, 5
 Lauwerier & Villari 1995, 178-179, fig. 3
Tiel Netherlands 9th - 11th cent. Early Middle Age
3
 Horse Metapodium
2
 Lauwerier & Villari 1995, 179
Schagen Netherlands Early Middle Age
1
 horse radius
13
 dorso-caudal hole in distal end Clason & Prummel 1982, fig.
Schagen Netherlands Early Middle Age
1
 horse radius
Clason & Prummel 1982
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2, 6, 7, 13
 oblique hole in proximal end Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1995, 85-86, fig. 9A; 1998, fig. 1A 565
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
12
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1995, 85-86, fig. 9B; 1998, fig. 1B 413
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1995, 85-86, fig. 9C; 1998, fig. 1C 86
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 6, 7, 10, 11,
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1995, 85-86, fig. 9D; 1998, fig. 1D 104
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 6, 7, 11
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1995, 85-86, fig. 9E; 1998, fig. 1E 233
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
4, 5, 6, 7, 8
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1995, 85-86, fig. 9F; 1998, fig. 1F 561
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
4
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 6, 7
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
12
 Horse Metapodium
2, 6, 7, 13
 oblique hole in proximal end Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998, fig. 1A
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
7
 Horse Metapodium
2, 6, 7
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 6, 7
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998, fig. 3A
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
2, 7, 11
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998, fig. 3B
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
3
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 6, 7
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998, fig. 2A
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 13
 oblique hole in proximal end, ż 7 mm Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998, fig. 2C
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998, fig. 2B
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
2
 Cattle Metatarsus
2
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
2, 12
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998, fig. 3C
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
2, 12
 Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998
Oost-Souburg Netherlands 900 - 975 Early Middle Age
1
 ? ?
Lauwerier & van Heeringen 1998
Dorestad, Hoogstraat I Netherlands Early Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 4, 5, 6, 7
 Clason 1980, fig 169.1 15771
Dorestad, Hoogstraat Netherlands Early Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
palmar side = gliding side Clason 1980, fig 169.2 373.1.8
Dorestad, Hoogstraat Netherlands Early Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 4, 5, 18
 not used Clason 1980, 243-245, fig. 169.3 378.26
Dorestad, Hoogstraat Netherlands Early Middle Age
1
 Horse or Donkey Metatarsus
3, 8, 9
 Clason 1980, 243-245, fig. 169.4 16251
Dorestad, Hoogstraat Netherlands Early Middle Age
1
 Horse or Donkey Metacarpus
2, 3
 Clason 1980, 243-245 361.5.2
Dorestad Netherlands Early Middle Age
65
 Horse, Cattle Metapodium, Radius, Tibia
Prummel 1983, 259-260
Poland Poland Early Middle Age
?
 ? ?
Lipinska & Zeylandowa 1971, 50; Leciejewicz et al. 1972
Gniezno Poland 7th - 9th cent. Early Middle Age Slavic
?
 ? ?
Kostrzewski 1949, 289, 350-351
Trelleborg Sweden 8th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Viking
?
 ? ?
Nżrlund 1948, 135
Ihre, Gotland Sweden 10th cent. High Middle Age Viking
2
 Horse Metapodium
2, 3 Stenberger, 1961, 20, 51, fig. 51
Birka Sweden 8th - 10th cent. Early Middle Age Viking
?
 ? ?
Arbman 1943, 38, 187, 284; Stenberger 1955, 1106
Iru Hill-fort Estonia until 11th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus ?
6, 8
 Luik 2000, fig. 3.5 AI 3428: 750
Iru Hill-fort Estonia until 11th cent. Middle Age
2
 Horse Metapodium
Luik, e-mail 2.3.2004
Wellinghusen Germany 7th - 12th cent. Middle Age
1
 cattle Metacarpus
2
 Witt 2002, 281, foto 14
Wijk near Dorestad Netherlands 8th - 10th cent. Middle Age
1
 metapodium horse
van Vilsteren 1987, 47-48, fig. 71 Rijksmuseum van Oudheden Leiden WD 659
Brabant Belgium 12th cent. High Middle Age
3
 ? ?
MacGregor 1976, 64
Ribe Denmark 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 4
 Exhibition Museum Ribes Vikinger 12/2005 3365
Ribe Denmark 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 Horse Metatarsus
Exhibition Museum Ribes Vikinger 12/2005 3265 ?
Ribe Denmark 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8
 Exhibition Museum Ribes Vikinger 12/2005 7744
Ribe Denmark 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
2
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8
 Exhibition Museum Ribes Vikinger 12/2005
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 8, 10, 17
 wooden peg in axial hole Ulbricht 1982, 24-27, fig. 9; 1984, 39, 60, pl. 89.1
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 89.2
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 89.3
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 18
 unfinished Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 89.4
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 3, 8, 10
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 90.1
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 4
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 90.2
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 4
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 90.3
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
1, 2, 10, 11
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 90.4
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metapodium
1, 2, 11
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 90.5
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 4
 Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 90.6
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
40
 Horse Metapodium
Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
21
 Cattle Metapodium
Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Schleswig, Plessenstrasse Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 ? ?
Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Niederdorla Germany 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Early German
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3
 Barthel 1969, 220, pl. 35.1 Museum Weimar MW 435/65
Mühlhausen Germany 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Early German
1
 Horse Radius
7
 Barthel 1969, 219, pl. 37.2 Museum Weimar
Haithabu Germany 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 Horse Metapodium
2
 Exhibition Wikingermuseum Haithabu 11/2000
Haithabu Germany 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
2
 Horse Metapodium
2, 5
 Exhibition Wikingermuseum Haithabu 11/2000
Haithabu Germany 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 8
 Exhibition Wikingermuseum Haithabu 11/2000
Haithabu Germany 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 ? Radius
Exhibition Wikingermuseum Haithabu 11/2000
Haithabu Germany 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 3
 Archäologisch-Zoologische Arbeitsgruppe Schleswig (AZA)
Emden, Schulstraße Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 cattle metacarpus
2, 13, 19
 distal end drilled hole (Ř 8.4 mm) dorsal-volar Grimm 2010, 135-137, 205, 226, pl. VII, cat. no. 60 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven
Emden, Schulstraße Germany 9th - 10th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse radius
1, 4
 fragment Grimm 2010, 135-137, 207, 227, pl. VIII, cat. no. 67 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven °EII R 3/2-256
Emden, Schulstraße Germany 10th-11th cent. High Middle Age
1
lost find Grimm 2010, 135, fig. 5-42
Emden, Rosenstraße Germany 10th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 3, 8, 10, 13
 3 drilled holes in the proximal articulation surface Grimm 2010, 135-137, 205, 226, pl. VII, cat. no. 57 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven
Emden, Rosenstraße Germany 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
2, 19
 Grimm 2010, 135-137, 205, 226, pl. VII, cat. no. 59 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven
Emden, Rosenstraße Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 cattle metacarpus
1, 4, 8
 fragment Grimm 2010, 135-137, 207, 227, pl. VIII, cat. no. 66 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven °EN 12/5
Emden, Rosenstraße Germany 10th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse radius
fragment Grimm 2010, 135-137, 207, 227, pl. VIII, cat. no. 69 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven °ER 13/6
Emden, Rosenstraße Germany 9th-10th cent. High Middle Age
1
lost find Grimm 2010, 135, fig. 5-42
Emden, Pelzerstraße Germany 10 - 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
1, 8
 Grimm 2010, 135-137, 206, 226, pl. VII, cat. no. 61 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven E59 J 3.0/5.0
Bremen, Carl-Ronning-Straße, 227-Altstadt Germany 9th - 10th cent. High Middle Age
1
Bischop 2008, 66-67, Abb. 4b Landesarchäologie Bremen
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
 Bischop & Jager 2008, 194-196, Abb. 13.3 Landes- archäologie Bremen 1
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
 Cranial side worn down till half of medullar cavity Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 2
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
 Cranial side worn down till half of medullar cavity Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 3
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
4, 6
 Cranial side worn down till half of medullar cavity Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 4
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
4, 6
 Cranial side worn down till half of medullar cavity Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 5
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
5, 6, 7
 Cranial side worn down till half of medullar cavity Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 6
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7
 Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 7a
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 4, 5, 6, 7
 Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 7b
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
4, 5
 Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 7c
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
4, 5
 Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 8a
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
4, 5, 6, 7
 Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 8b
Bremen, 223 Altstadt, Langenstr. 10-12 Germany 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
5, 6
 Bischop & Jager 2008, 195-196 Landes- archäologie Bremen 8c
Bremen, 218 Altstadt, Langenstr. 31-35 Germany 9th - 10th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
4, 5, 18
 heavily worn, medullar cavity exposed Küchelmann 2006 Landes- archäologie Bremen 287
Bremen, 218 Altstadt, Langenstr. 31-35 Germany 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
fragment Küchelmann 2006 Landes- archäologie Bremen 843
Berlin-Spandau Germany 983 - 1030 High Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 7
 Becker 1990, fig. 1 BW23 If17889
Berlin-Spandau Germany 1100 - 1150 High Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse Radius
3, 7
 Becker 1990 BW17 If17891
Berlin-Spandau Germany 1100 - 1150 High Middle Age Slavic
1
 Red Deer Radius
2, 3, 6, 7
 Becker 1990, fig. 1, 3g BW 20 If17887
Berlin-Spandau Germany 1100 - 1150 High Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse Radius
3
 Becker 1990 BW17 If18246
Berlin-Spandau Germany 1100 - 1200 High Middle Age Slavic
1
 Cattle Radius
3
 Becker 1990, fig. 1, 3e, 4a BW 17 IF19683
Berlin-Spandau Germany 1100 - 1150 High Middle Age Slavic
1
 Horse metacarpus
2, 3
 semi-finished Becker 1990, 30 BW20 If17880
York, Piccadilly Great Britain 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2049 7931 / sf324
York, Piccadilly Great Britain 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
1, 2
 very short (153 mm) MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2049, fig. 943 7932 / sf325
York, Fishergate Great Britain 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
2
 ? ?
MacGregor et al. 1999, 1987 5610; 5611
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 4, 18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7138 / sf432
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Tibia
10
 immature individual MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023, fig. 943 7139 / sf1936
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
1, 2
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7140 / sf2174
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Radius
3, 6, 7
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7141 / sf4251
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 ? ?
MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7142 / sf5813
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7143 / sf6456
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7144 / sf6528
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 ? ?
MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7145 / sf6745
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7146 / sf9864
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7147 / sf10993
York, Coppergate Great Britain 10th - 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Radius
2
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7148 / sf12720
York, Coppergate Great Britain 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7149 / sf15557
York, Coppergate Great Britain 11th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7150 / sf16042
York, Coppergate Great Britain 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7151 / sf1360
York, Coppergate Great Britain 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2, 6, 7, 10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7152 / sf4079
Dublin Ireland 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 ? ?
1, 10
 MacGregor 1976, 74 National Museum of Ireland 149
Dublin Ireland 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 ? ?
1
 MacGregor 1976, 74 National Museum of Ireland 48
Daugmale Hill-Fort Latvia 10th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
20
Tilko 2005, 146
Tiel Netherlands 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 Cattle Costa
Lauwerier & Villari 1995, 178-179, fig. 3
Oldeboorn Netherlands 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
8, 9
 Zeiler 1988, fig. 1
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
Jaworski 1990, 84-85, tab. 17 exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 27 c/77
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
Jaworski 1990, 84-85, tab. 17 exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 241 b/75
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
4
 Rozwód 2007 24/62
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
1
 Rozwód 2007 1614/52
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse
4, 18
 Rozwód 2007 1052/53
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2, 17
 Rozwód 2007 1243/54
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
1, 17
 Rozwód 2007 1240/53
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
1, 2, 17, 18
 not used? Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 16a 2657/54
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse radius
1, 2
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 16b 875/62
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
1
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 15c 310a/56
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
1, 2, 3, 6, 7
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 15e 297/68
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
 cattle metatarsus
2
 Rozwód 2007 1604:52
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 11th cent. High Middle Age
1
Rozwód 2007 217f/63
Wiskiauten Russia 10th -11th cent. High Middle Age Viking
1
 cattle Metatarsus
2, 3
 Ibsen, e-mail 12.2.2007 28
Lund Sweden 11th -12th cent. High Middle Age Scandinavian
1
 Horse metapodium
1, 2, 8, 10
 Cinthio 1976, 384, fig. 335 KM 66166:1044
Lund Sweden 11th -12th cent. High Middle Age Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 10, 11
 Cinthio 1976, 383-384, fig. 335; Roesdahl 1992, 51, 233 KM 66166:1444
Lund Sweden 11th -12th cent. High Middle Age Scandinavian
1
 Horse Metacarpus
8, 10
 Roesdahl 1992, 51, 233 KM 66166:1511
Lund Sweden 11th -12th cent. High Middle Age Scandinavian
1
 Horse metapdium
1, 2, 8, 10
 Cinthio 1976, 383-384, fig. 335 KM 66166:1625
Lund Sweden 11th -12th cent. High Middle Age Scandinavian
24
 horse radius
Cinthio 1976, 383-384, fig. 334
Lund Sweden 11th -12th cent. High Middle Age Scandinavian
1
 cattle radius
Cinthio 1976, 383-384
Lund Sweden 12th cent. High Middle Age Scandinavian
1
 Horse Radius
1, 2, 7, 8, 9
 Cinthio 1976, 383-385, fig. 337 KM 66166:582
Lund Sweden 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
8
 horse metapodium
Cinthio 1976, 383-385, fig. 334
Lund Sweden 11th - 12th cent. High Middle Age
2
 Cattle Metapodium
Cinthio 1976, 383-385, fig. 334
Löhavere Hill-fort Estonia 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
unfinished Luik, e-mail 2-4.3.2004
Kuusalu Estonia 9th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
6, 8
 Luik 2000, fig. 3.4 AI 5043: 245
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metapodium
2, 4
 distal end sawn Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.1
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
10
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.3
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
10
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.4
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
10, 17
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.5
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
4
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.6
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 4, 7, 8
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153, fig. 13.2; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.7
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2
 unfinished Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.8
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.9
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 4
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.10
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
2, 4, 5
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153, fig. 13.1; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60, pl. 41.11
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2
 Heinrich 1995, 151-153, fig. 13.3; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
Heinrich 1995, 151-153; Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
6
 Cattle Metapodium
Ulbricht 1984, 39, 60
Schleswig, Schild Germany 11th - 14th cent. Middle Age
5
 Horse Metatarsus
proximal fragments Heinrich 1995, 151-153
Oldorf 16, Neuwarfen Germany 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
1, 2, 8
 exhibition NIhK 18.8.2010 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven (NIhK)
Bremen, Langenstr./Fangturm, 209 Altstadt Germany 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 4, 5, 6, 7
 Bischop, pers. com. 25.2.2004 Landes- archäologie Bremen Bf. 6
Bremen, Langenstr./Fangturm, 209 Altstadt Germany 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
4, 6, 7
 cranial surface worn down till half of the medullar cavity Bischop, pers. com. 25.2.2004 Landes- archäologie Bremen Bf. 6
York, The Bedern Foundry Great Britain 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Horse Metatarsus
18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2051 7981 / sf1742
Laukskola Latvia 11th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
Tilko 2005, 146-147 VI 128: 7283
Aizkraukle Hill-fort Latvia 10th - 13th cent. Middle Age
2
Tilko 2005, 147
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski, ul. Kapitulna 4 Poland 12th-13th c. Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2, 8, 13
 oblique hole proximoplantar Bykowski et al. 2004, 139, fig. 14a exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski, ul. Kapitulna 4 Poland 12th-13th c. Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
1, 2, 8
 fragment Bykowski et al. 2004, 139, fig. 14b exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009
Wroclaw, Lewobrzezny, Nowy Targ Poland 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2,3
 Kazmierczyk 1970, 512 exhibition Archaeological Museum Wroclaw 9/2009 23
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse radius
1, 2, 3, 6, 7
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 16c 1678/52
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 10th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
1, 2
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 15b A22
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 cattle metacarpus
1, 2, 7
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 15d; Rozwód 2007 1704/52
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 17b 1711/52
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
Rozwód 2007 1676/52
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 10th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
1, 2, 6, 7, 17
 Rozwód 2007 A24
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 10th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
7
 Rozwód 2007 1835/53
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 12th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
2, 3
 Rozwód 2007 213a/58
Novgorod Russia 10th - 14th cent. Middle Age
> 50
 Horse, Cattle Metapodium, Radius
1, 8, 9
 drilled holes mainly in 13th cent. finds Stephen, e-mails 13.-15.8.2003
Viljandi Estonia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
3, 7
 Luik 2000, fig. 6.1 VM 10258: 485
Viljandi Estonia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
4
 Luik 2000, fig. 6.2 VM 10258: 408
Pärnu Estonia 13th - 15th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metapodium
Luik, e-mail 8.3.2004
Lihula Estonia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 Luik 2000, fig. 5 AI 808: 794
Lihula Estonia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3, 7, 8?
 Luik, e-mail 2.-4.3.2004 AM 942
Lihula Estonia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
2, 3
 Luik, e-mail 2.-4.3.2004 AM 942
Turku, Vanha Suurtori Finland 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
Katajisto 2002, 11-12, 16, fig. 4 Turku Provincial Museum 20315:291
Turku, Vanha Suurtori Finland 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
Katajisto 2002, 12, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 20315:1654
Turku, Åbo Akademie Finland 14th - 15th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 13, 17, 19
 oblique hole through center of distal end, distal two small vertical holes Katajisto 2002, 15-16, fig. 5 Turku Provincial Museum 21816:LU 68
Turku, Åbo Akademie Finland 15th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
Katajisto 2002, 14, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 21816:LU 147
Turku Finland 15th cent. or older Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 18
 immature individual, not used, determination as skate not certain Katajisto 2002, 13, 16, 24, fig. 6 Aboa Vetus Museum Turku 2/2004 KM 95032: 10915 (LU 1203a)
Turku Finland 16th cent. or older Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
3, 10
 Katajisto 2002, 13, 16, 25, fig. 8 Exhibition Aboa Vetus Museum Turku 2/2004 KM 95032: 10963 (LU1668)
Emden, Schulstraße Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
4, 10
 Grimm 2010, 135-137, 206, 226, pl. VII, cat. no. 62 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven
Emden, Schulstraße Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
2, 8, 10
 Grimm 2010, 135-137, 206, 227, pl. VIII, cat. no. 63 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven °EII H 50/14-164
Emden, Schulstraße Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 cattle metatarsus
8
 fragment Grimm 2010, 135-137, 206, 227, pl. VIII, cat. no. 65 Nieder- sächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven °EII K 2/2-185
Emden, Kirchstraße Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 8
 Grimm 2010, 135-137, 205, 226, pl. VII, cat. no. 56 Ostfriesische Landschaft Aurich EMDK 1629
Emden, Dorfwurt Wolthusen Germany Late Middle Age
1
fragment Bärenfänger 2008, 231, fig. 27.2 Ostfriesische Landschaft Aurich
Bremen, Wachtstrasse Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9
 Rech 2004, 391-392, fig. 397.1 Exhibition Focke-Museum Bremen 2/2004
Bremen, Martinistrasse, Fst. 4-Altstadt Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 8, 10
 Lehnert 1997, 60-61, V, pl. 3.4, 21.1 Rech 2004, 391-392, fig. 397.2 Focke-Museum Bremen FM 10039
Bremen, Arsten Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
4, 6, 7
 Brandt 1993, 205-206, fig. 2b; Rech 2004, 392 Focke-Museum Bremen FM 10133
Bremen, Arsten Germany 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
4, 6
 Brandt 1993, 205-206, fig. 2c; Rech 2004, 392 Focke-Museum Bremen FM 10133
Borken, Burg Borkenwirthe Germany 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 ? ?
8, 10
 Bischop, pers. com. 1/2004 Exhibition Hamalandmuseum Vreden
York, The Bedern Great Britain 13th cent. Late Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Cattle Radius
MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2055 8081 / sf788
York, Coppergate Great Britain 13th cent. Late Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Horse Metatarsus
MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2023 7153 / sf3282
York, Coppergate Great Britain 13th cent. Late Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024, fig. 943, 944e 7154 / sf908
York, Coppergate Great Britain 13th cent. Late Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
1
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024 7155 / sf1294
York, Coppergate Great Britain 13th cent. Late Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1, 2, 8, 10, 17
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024 7156 / sf3404
York, Coppergate Great Britain 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Horse Metatarsus
10, 17
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024 7157 / sf1074
Dublin Ireland 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 ? ?
1, 8
 MacGregor 1976, 74 National Museum of Ireland 147
Ventspils Latvia 14th - 16th cent. Late Middle Age - Early Modern Time
2
Tilko 2005, 146
Turaida Castle Latvia 13th - 16th cent. Late Middle Age - Early Modern Time
1
Tilko 2005, 146
Riga, Occupation Museum Latvia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
Tilko 2005, fig. 5.2 VI 172: 16
Riga, Army Economical Shop Latvia 13th - 16th cent. Late Middle Age - Early Modern Time
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 8, 9, 13, 19
 2 holes proximal and distal drilled perpendicular into transverse holes Tilko 2005, fig. 3 AEV 162
Riga, 8-10 Lielá Pils Street Latvia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Tilko 2005, fig. 5.1 VI 166: 236
Mártinsala Latvia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
2
Tilko 2005, 146 VI 121: 1054, 1055
Mártinsala Latvia 13th - 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
13
 vertical holes Tilko 2005, 146 VI 121: 2130
Medemblik, Kerksteeg Netherlands Late Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
1, 2, 3, 5
 ADC rapport 608 MEDK-06-04
Wroclaw, ul. Mikolaja 26 Poland 15th - 16th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2, 3
 Jastrzebski 2004, 256-259, fig. 7e-f 277/S M 26/2000
Wroclaw, ul. Mikolaja 26 Poland 14th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2, 3
 Jastrzebski 2004, 257-258, fig. 6a-b 278/S M 26/2000
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 13th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
2
 Norska-Gulkowa 1983, fig. 17a 401/51
Ostrówek, Opole Poland 13th - 15th cent. Late Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
1, 2, 7, 17
 Rozwód 2007 9146/49
Krnov (Jägerndorf) Czech Republic Middle Age
1
Kinzer 1926, 39
Kadaň (Kaaden) Czech Republic Middle Age
1
Kinzer 1928, 72
Denmark Denmark Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
2
 Grütter, pers. com. 16.1.1995 Bernisches Historisches Museum 6634
Århus Denmark Middle Age
?
 ? ?
Andersen et al. 1971, 141-142
Otepää Estonia 7th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1, 5, 9
 Luik 2000, fig. 4.1; Maldre 2001, 21, fig. 7b AI 4036: I 954
Turku, Itäinen rantakatu Finland Middle Age
1
 Horse Radius
6, 7
 Katajisto 2002, 6, 15, fig. 2 Turku Provincial Museum 14681:740
Turku, Itäinen rantakatu Finland Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 Katajisto 2002, 6-7, 15, fig. 2; Valonen 1958, 108, fig. 14 Turku Provincial Museum 14681:740
Turku, Itäinen rantakatu Finland Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
6
 Katajisto 2002, 6, 15, fig. 2 Turku Provincial Museum 14681:740
Kuusisto Finland Middle Age
1
 ? ?
Vilppula 1940, 54, 58 KM 2801:58
St. Denis France Middle Age
1
 cattle radius
Musée d'Art et d'Histoire
Saint-Denis France Middle Age
1
 Cattle radius
2, 5
 Unité d'Archéologie Saint-Denis 800103,1
Saint-Denis France Middle Age
19
 Metapodium
Unité d'Archéologie Saint-Denis
Wirdum, Burg Beninga Germany Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
2, 8
 distal fragment Peters 2002, 49, 52, fig. 43.1 Ostfriesische Landschaft Aurich
Usedom, Gross Lübbenau, Mecklenburg, Lübeck, Haith Germany Middle Age Slavic, Viking, German
129
 ? ?
Becker 1990, 19
Konstanz Germany Middle Age
1
 cattle radius
2
 Planck 1994, 301
Konstanz Germany Middle Age
1
 cattle metapodium
1, 2
 Planck 1994, 301
Jever Germany Middle Age Frisian
1
 Horse Metatarsus
8, 9
 Holz & Hammer 2000, 2
Hamburg, Altstadt Germany Middle Age
1
 ? ?
Bischop, pers. com. 1/2004 Exhibition Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte, Hamburg 1/2004
Grimmersum Germany Middle Age?
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
claimed to be Neolithic, dating wrong Herman 1902, 223, fig. 128
Emden, Große Kirche Germany Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
2
 Grimm 2010, 135-137, 205, 226, pl. VII, cat. no. 58 Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung Wilhelmshaven
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 7.2
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 7.3
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 7.4
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 3
 Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 8.1
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Radius
Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 8.3
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 4
 Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 9.1
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 5
 Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 9.2
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 3
 Reichstein 1994, 109, pl. 9.3-4
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 8, 9
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
2
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 8, 9
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 palmar side = gliding side Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
19
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
29
 Cattle Metatarsus
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
7
 Cattle Radius
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
3
 Horse Radius
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
7
 Horse Metacarpus
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Elisenhof Germany 8th - 13th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2
 Reichstein 1994, 109
Bremen, Bredenplatz, 231-Altstadt Germany Middle Age
1
 horse Metacarpus
4, 5
 Halle pers. com. 9/2008 Landes-archäologie Bremen Bf. 1
Bremen, Bredenplatz, 231-Altstadt Germany Middle Age
1
 cattle metatarsus
4, 5
 Halle pers. com 9/2008 Landes-archäologie Bremen Bf. 1
Bremen, Bredenplatz, 231-Altstadt Germany Middle Age
1
 cattle radius
2, 4, 5, 8, 9
 drilling Ř 10-15 mm Küchelmann, in prep. Landes-archäologie Bremen 3
Bremen, Bredenplatz, 231-Altstadt Germany Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
4, 5
 heavily worn Küchelmann, in prep. Landes-archäologie Bremen 4; Bf. 83
Berlin, Spree, Stralauer Straße 36 Germany Middle Age
2
Anonymus 1898a Märkisches Museum Berlin MM.B.IV.1666a-b
York, Suffolk, Ipswich, Thetford, Nothampton, Walt Great Britain 8th - 14th cent. Middle Age
122
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18
 various combinations of modifications specified in reference MacGregor 1976, 58-59, 65, 71-74, tab. 1, pl. IV British Museum London, Museum of London, National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland Edinborough, Pitt-Rvers-Museum Oxford, Scarborough Museum, Sheffield City Museum, Yorkshire Museum York and other collections
York, Suffolk, Ipswich, Thetford, Nothampton, Walt Great Britain 8th - 14th cent. Middle Age
29
 Cattle Metapodium
1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18
 various combinations of modifications specified in reference MacGregor 1976, 58-59, 65, 71-74, tab. 1, pl. IV British Museum London, Museum of London, National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland Edinborough, Pitt-Rvers-Museum Oxford, Scarborough Museum, Sheffield City Museum, Yorkshire Museum York and other collections
York, Suffolk, Ipswich, Thetford, Nothampton, Walt Great Britain 8th - 14th cent. Middle Age
10
 Horse, Cattle Radius
1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 17, 18
 various combinations of modifications specified in reference MacGregor 1976, 58-59, 65, 71-74, tab. 1, pl. IV British Museum London, Museum of London, National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland Edinborough, Pitt-Rvers-Museum Oxford, Scarborough Museum, Sheffield City Museum, Yorkshire Museum York and other collections
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 16th cent. Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
6, 7, 10
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024 7159 / sf2378
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 16th cent. Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Horse Metatarsus
10, 18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024 7160 / sf2694
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 16th cent. Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Horse Metacarpus
1
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024 7161 / sf12264
York, Coppergate Great Britain 9th - 16th cent. Middle Age Anglo- Scandinavian, English
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 7, 10, 17, 18
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2048 7901 / sf49
York Great Britain 8th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
1, 2, 13
 sagittal gap between condyli used for binding MacGregor 1976, 59-60, fig. 1B Sheffield City Museum
London Great Britain 8th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 6, 7, 11, 12
 MacGregor 1976, 60, fig. 1D; 1985, 143, fig. 76b Museum of London
England Great Britain 8th - 14th cent. Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9
 MacGregor 1976, 60, fig. 1A; 1985, 143, fig. 76a Museum of London
Riga, St. George Church Latvia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 9, 13
 2 dorsoplantar holes distal Tilko 2005, fig. 4.2
Riga, 8 Basteja Boulevard Latvia Middle Age
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
8, 9
 Tilko 2005, fig. 4.1 VRVM 173945/5
Aalsum Netherlands Middle Age ?
1
 Horse Metacarpus
claimed to be Neolithic, dating wrong Herman 1902, 223-224, fig. 129
Trondheim Norway Middle Age
65
 ? ?
Grieg 1933, 264; Long 1975, 25
Oslo Norway Middle Age
402
 ? ?
Grieg 1933, 265; Herteig 1969, 198
Bergen Norway Middle Age
4
 ? ?
Grieg 1933, 265; Herteig 1969, 198
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
12
 horse, cattle metapodium, radius
Jaworski 1990 exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2, 8, 13
 oblique hole proximoplantar exhibition Archaeological Museum Wroclaw 9/2009 6
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
1, 2, 3
 Jaworski 1990, 122, pl. IXa exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 162 c/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2, 8, 13
 oblique hole proximoplantar Jaworski 1990, 122, pl. IXb exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 27 c/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2
 Jaworski 1990, 122, pl. IXc exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 160 a/74
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2
 Jaworski 1990, 122, pl. IXd exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 257 c/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metapodium
2, 3
 Jaworski 1990, 122, pl. IXe exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 162 c/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2
 fragment Jaworski 1990, 122, pl. IXf exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 134 i/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2, 3
 Jaworski 1990, 123, pl. Xb exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 11 a/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 cattle metapodium
2, 7
 Jaworski 1990, 123, pl. Xc exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 166 c/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2, 3
 Jaworski 1990, 123, pl. Xd exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 11 a/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2
 Jaworski 1990, 123, pl. Xa exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 165 b/78
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
1
 cattle metatarsus
2
 not used Jaworski 1990, 123, pl. Xe exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009 13 c/77
Wroclaw, Ostrow Tumski Poland Middle Age
5
 horse, cattle metapodium, radius, costa
exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009
Wroclaw, Osobowice Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
1, 2, 8, 13
 oblique hole proximopalmar exhibition Archaeological Museum Wroclaw 9/2009 25
Wroclaw, Osobowice Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metatarsus
1, 2, 5, 13
 oblique hole proximoplantar exhibition Archaeological Museum Wroclaw 9/2009 25
Poznan Poland Middle Age
1
 horse metacarpus
1, 2, 8, 13
 oblique hole posteriopalmar Winiarska-Kabacinska pers. com. 10.9.2009 Poznan Archaeological Museum
Poznan Poland Middle Age
30-40
Winiarska-Kabacinska pers. com. 10.9.2009 Poznan Archaeological Museum
Opole Poland Middle Age
1
 horse radius
2, 3, 4, 5
 exhibition Archaeological Museum Wroclaw 9/2009 19
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
18
 unfinished Semenov 1957, fig. 105.1; 1959, 354, fig. 1.1
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
Semenov 1959, 354, fig. 1.2
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
Semenov 1959, 354, fig. 1.3
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
Semenov 1957, fig. 105.2; 1959, 354, fig. 1.4
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
worn down till half of medullar cavity Semenov 1959, 354, fig. 1.5
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
4, 5, 6, 7, 8
 Semenov 1957, fig. 105.3; 1959, 355, fig. 2.1
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
4, 5, 6, 7, 8
 Semenov 1959, 355, fig. 2.2
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
 Semenov 1959, 355, fig. 2.3
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
8
 Semenov 1957, fig. 105.4; 1959, 355, fig. 2.4
Russia Russia Middle Age
1
 Horse Metapodium
7
 Semenov 1959, 355, fig. 2.5
Fole Sweden Middle Age
?
 ? ?
Bohrn 1942, 68
Haapsalu Estonia 16th cent. Early Modern Time
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 7
 Russow 2002, 131, fig. 11 HM 8850: 55
Åland, Kastelholms Slott Finland Early Modern Time
2
 Horse Metapodium
Elfwendahl 1991, 152 565:2102; 565:2872
York, Coppergate Great Britain 16th cent. Early Modern Time English
1
 Horse Metatarsus
1
 MacGregor et al. 1999, 1984-1989, 2024 7158 / sf2601
Csontkorcsolya Hungary 16th cent. Early Modern Time
1
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 4, 5
 Exhibition Museum of Hungarian Agriculture 12/2006 88
Csontkorcsolya Hungary 16th cent. Early Modern Time
1
 Horse Radius
Exhibition Museum of Hungarian Agriculture 12/2006
Alúksne Latvia 16th - 17th cent. Early Modern Time
1
Tilko 2005, 146
Wroclaw, ul. Wierzbowa 3/4 Poland 16th - 18th cent. Early Modern Time
2
Jastrzebski 2004, 257
Vihterpalu Estonia 19th cent. Modern Time
1
 Horse Radius
2, 6, 7
 Luik 2000, fig. 14 HMK 624
Suur-Pakri Estonia 19th cent. Modern Time
2
 Horse Metapodium
8, 9, 17
 Luik 2000, fig. 11 ERM A 333:1,2
Pühalepa Estonia 19th cent. Modern Time
2
 Horse Metapodium
2, 19
 Luik 2000, fig. 10 ERM A 492:59
Osmussaar Estonia 19th cent. Modern Time
1
 Horse Metapodium
2
 Luik 2000, fig. 12 ERM A 493: 78A
Osmussaar Estonia 19th cent. Modern Time
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 8, 13
 transverse hole in the middle of skate Luik 2000, fig. 12 ERM A 493: 78B
Osmussaar Estonia 19th cent. Modern Time
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
2
 Luik 2000, fig. 13 ERM A 493: 38
Turku Finland before 1743 Modern Time
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 13, 19
 oblique hole through center of distal end Katajisto 2002, 13, 16 Aboa Vetus Museum Turku 2/2004 KM 95032: 10922 (LU 1478)
Nauvo Finland 19th cent. ? Modern Time
2
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 11, 12, 17, 19
 Turku Provincial Museum 2093
Nauvo Finland 19th cent. ? Modern Time
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 11, 12, 17, 19
 Turku Provincial Museum 2095
Korpoo Finland 19th cent.? Modern Time
1
 Horse Metapodium
19
 Vilppula 1940, fig. 3 Kansallismuseon D 172
Kokemäki Finland 19th cent.? Modern Time
1
 Horse Metapodium
19
 Vilppula 1940, fig. 3 Kansallismuseon 2031:24:00
Ilmajoki Finland 19th cent.? Modern Time
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 4, 5, 11, 12, 19
 Vilppula 1940, fig. 1 Ilmajoen Museo 1498
Archipelago Finland ca. 1850 Modern Time
2
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 11, 12, 13, 19
 oblique hole through center of distal end; one specimen with two additional holes proximal; called downhill skates"" by donator" Turku Provincial Museum 15053:3
Berlin Germany 19th cent.? Modern Time
1
 Sheep Mandibula
with wooden foothold Anonymus 1898b, 176; Friedel 1898, 325; Herman 1902, 226, fig. 134 Museum für deutsche Volkstrachten Berlin
Kezdi-Szt.-Lélek Hungary 19th cent. Modern Time
2
 Horse Metapodium
Herman 1902, pl. V.2-3
Hungary Hungary 19th cent. Modern Time
2
 Horse Metapodium
13
 hole not specified Herman 1902, pl. V.8
Dobrudscha Hungary 19th cent. Modern Time
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 4, 5
 Herman 1902, 225, fig. 133
Dobrudscha Hungary 19th cent. Modern Time
5
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8, 9
 Herman 1902, pl. V.9-13
Csongád- Mindszent Hungary 19th cent. Modern Time
5
 Horse Metapodium
1
 Herman 1902, pl. V.5-7
Skogar Iceland 20th cent. Modern Time
2
 Cattle Metatarsus
2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9
 McGovern, e-mail 2.7.2003; Short e-mail 28. 2. 2006 Exhibition Skogar Folkmuseum
Reykjavik Iceland 19th cent. Modern Time
2
 ? ?
McGovern, e-mail 2.7.2003 Exhibition National Museum of Iceland
Iceland Iceland 1878 Modern Time
2
 ? ?
Allen 1896, 33-34
East Poland Poland ca. 1880 Modern Time
2
 Cattle Costa
13
 two transverse holes through Corpus costae kunst & antiek Revue 1 / 1985, 13
Prinzendorf Austria no date no date
1
 red deer tibia
Vohnicky 1933, 86 Landesmuseum Niederösterreich St. Pölten 660
Frauenhofen Austria no date no date
1
 horse metatarsus
19
 Vohnicky 1933 Heimatmuseum Tulln
North East Bulgaria Bulgaria no date no date
5
 ? ?
Vázarova 1986
Arctic Islands Canada 500 BC - 1000 AD Dorset
3
bone and ivory Sutherland & McGhee 1998, 8 exhibition Übersee-Museum Bremen 3/1999
Olomouc (Olmütz) Czech Republic
1
 horse metacarpus
Jeitteles 1871
Miculcice Czech Republic no date no date
1
 ? Tibia
Kratochvil & Sterba 1970, 452
Miculcice Czech Republic no date no date
155
 ? Metapodium, Radius
Kratochvil & Sterba 1970
Czech Republik Czech Republic no date no date
93
 ? ?
Hruby 1957; 1965
Slánská Hora Czech Republik no date
1
 human femur
1, 8
 Schmidt 1895 National Museum Prague 16.321
Viborg Denmark no date no date
1
 ? ?
carved with human face Nielsen 1968, 38
Lehmja Estonia no date no date
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 8
 1000 BC - 1100 AD Luik 2000, fig. 3.2 AI 5310: III 141
Lehmja Estonia no date no date
1
 Horse Metatarsus
9
 1000 BC - 1100 AD Luik 2000, fig. 3.3 AI 5310: 228
Turku, Vanha Suurtori Finland no date no date
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
Katajisto 2002, 9, 16, fig. 3 Turku Provincial Museum 18618:25
Turku, Uudenmaankatu Finland no date no date
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
Katajisto 2002, 11, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 18703:21
Turku, Nunnakatu Finland no date
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 19
 Katajisto 2002, 7, 16; Valonen 1958, 108 Turku Provincial Museum 14681:2000
Turku, Mätäjervi Finland no date no date
1
 Horse Metacarpus
Katajisto 2002, 10, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 18831:72
Turku, Itäinen rantakatu Finland no date no date
1
 Horse Metatarsus
Katajisto 2002, 8, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 17361:71e
Turku, Hovioikeudenkatu Finland no date no date
1
 Cattle Metatarsus
Katajisto 2002, 8, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 17017:88
Turku, Castle Finland no date no date
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 19
 14th cent. onwards Katajisto 2002, 5-6, 15 Turku Provincial Museum 13275:11.117
Turku, Castle Finland no date no date
1
 Cattle Radius
Katajisto 2002, 8, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 18331:113
Turku, Brahenkatu Finland no date no date
1
 Horse Metatarsus
Katajisto 2002, 7, 16 Turku Provincial Museum 17015:65
Björko Finland no date no date
2
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 13, 19
 one specimen with vertical hole at proximal end Exhibition National Museum of Finland Helsinki 2/2004 784
Toppenwerder bei Alt-Ruppin Germany no date no date
2
Anonymus 1898a Märkisches Museum Berlin MM.B.II.10448-10449
Spandau, Stresow Germany no date no date
1
 Horse Metacarpus
claimed to be Bronze Age, dating doubtful Herman 1902, 223; Anonymus 1898a Märkisches Museum Berlin MM.B.II.11805
Schwaikheim Germany no date no date
1
Speiser 2006 Heimatverein Schwaikheim
Remsthal, Schwaben Germany no date
1
 horse
von Trölsch 1902, 101
Potzlow, Kreis Templin Germany no date no date
5
Anonymus 1898a Märkisches Museum Berlin MM.B.II.9192-9197
Norddeutschland Germany no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
2
 Herman 1902, 224, fig. 130; Lindenschmit 1864, pl. 1.1 Museum Hannover
near Berlin Germany no date no date
1
 Horse Radius
sledge runner? Herman 1902, 223, fig. 127
Merseburg Germany no date no date
1
 Horse Metacarpus
2, 3, 6, 8, 9
 holes ż 7 mm Barthel 1969, 225 Landesmuseum Halle MH 4156
Konstanz, Wessenbergstraße Germany
1
 cattle
Gummel 1923, 19; von Trölsch 1902, 101, 104, 163
Ketzin, Burgwall Germany no date no date
1
 horse metacarpus
Anonymus 1898b, 175; Nehring 1897 Museum für Völkerkunde Berlin
Ketzin, Burgwall Germany no date no date
1
 horse metatarsus
Anonymus 1898b, 175; Nehring 1897 Museum für Völkerkunde Berlin
Ketzin, Burgwall Germany no date no date
1
 cattle metacarpus
Anonymus 1898b, 175; Nehring 1897 Museum für Völkerkunde Berlin
Ketzin, Burgwall Germany no date no date
1
 cattle radius
Anonymus 1898b, 175; Nehring 1897 Museum für Völkerkunde Berlin
Gispersleben Germany no date no date
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 17
 Barthel 1969, 216-217, pl. 33.2 Museum Weimar MW 266/62
Burg im Spreewald, Kreis Lübben, Schlossberg Germany no date
?
Anonymus 1898b, 177
Bromberg, Burg Germany no date no date
1
 horse metacarpus
Anonymus 1898b, 175-176; Nehring 1897
Bremen, Weser Germany no date no date
1
 Horse Metacarpus
8
 Focke-Museum Bremen
Bremen, Strom Germany no date no date
2
 Horse Metapodium
Focke-Museum Bremen FM 9929
Bremen, Strom Germany no date no date
1
 Horse Radius
2, 3, 6, 7
 Focke-Museum Bremen FM 9929
Bremen, Strom Germany no date no date
1
 ? Radius
Focke-Museum Bremen FM 9929
St. Peter of Arches Great Britain no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 8
 Herman 1902, 225, fig. 132; Munro 1897, 296
London Great Britain no date no date
7
 ? ?
MacGregor 1985, 144
London Great Britain no date no date
2
 ? ?
Herman 1902, 224-225; Munro 1897
Durham Great Britain no date no date
1
 ? ?
Exhibition Durham Archaeological Museum 8/2002 1984:06:14
Abingdon Great Britain no date no date
1
 ? ?
MacGregor 1985, 144
Aberdeen, Scotland Great Britain no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 3
 MacGregor 1985, 144
Westerwijtwerd Netherlands no date no date
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 3, 10, 18
 not used; 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 158.1 1900/I 392
Westerwijtwerd Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
1, 2, 8, 9, 13
 transverse hole in the middle of skate; 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 158.4 1900/VI 17
Westerwijtwerd Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 4, 5, 8, 9
 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 158.5 1900/I 392
Westerwijtwerd Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Radius
2, 4, 5, 10
 figure inconsistant with description claiming only metapodiae were used; 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 159.1 1962/II 32
Westerwijtwerd Netherlands 600 BC - 1900 AD, no date no date
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2, 3, 8, 9
 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 159.2 1900/I 395
Westeremden Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Metacarpus
600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 158.2 1921/I 18
Westeremden Netherlands no date no date
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 158.3 1909/I 180
Westeremden Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
all surfaces polished, secondary use?; 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 158.7 1921/I 19
West-Fivelingo Netherlands no date no date
6
 Horse, Cattle Metapodium
2, 3
 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002
West-Fivelingo Netherlands no date no date
6
 Horse, Cattle Metapodium
600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002
Toornwerd Netherlands no date no date
1
 Cattle Metacarpus
2
 600 BC - 1900 AD Miedema 2002, fig. 158.6 1946/V 69
Osterend Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Metatarsus
2, 11
 Anonymus 1898b, 177; Herman 1902, 224, fig. 131; Lindenschmit 1858, pl.1.3-4a Rijksmuseum van Oudheden Leiden
Oosterbeintum Netherlands 600 BC - 1500 AD no date
1
 horse metacarpus
2, 3, 8, 9
 Kramer & Prummel 2000, 108-109 28bis-16
Oosterbeintum Netherlands 600 BC - 1500 AD no date
1
 horse metacarpus
2, 8, 13
 unfinished 2nd hole above distal hole Kramer & Prummel 2000, 108-109 28bis-97
Oosterbeintum Netherlands 600 BC - 1500 AD no date
1
 horse radius
1, 8, 9, 19
 fragment Kramer & Prummel 2000, 108-110 28bis-273
Netherlands Netherlands no date no date
1
 ? Radius
2, 5, 5, 8, 9
 Nieuwenbourg-Bron 1996?, 10
Netherlands Netherlands no date no date
1
 Cattle Metapodium
2, 3
 Nieuwenbourg-Bron 1996?, 10
Netherlands Netherlands no date no date
1
 ? Metapodium
2, 4, 10, 11
 Broere 1988, 6 Broere
Hindelopen Netherlands no date no date
1
 ? ?
2, 4, 58, 9
 Nieuwenbourg-Bron 1996?, 11
Hindelopen Netherlands no date no date
1
 Cattle Metapodium
1
 Nieuwenbourg-Bron 1996?, 11
Groningen Netherlands no date no date
16
 ? ?
Groningen Instituut voor Archeologie
Deventer Netherlands no date no date
2
 Cattle Metapodium
8th - 19th cent. Ijzereff & Laarmann 1986, 413-414, fig. 8
Deventer Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Radius
8th - 19th cent. Ijzereff & Laarmann 1986, 413-414, fig. 8
Amsterdam Netherlands no date no date
1
 Horse Metacarpus
de Vegt, Bremen, Germany 77
Niemcza, district Dzierzoniow Poland
8
exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009
Domaslaw, district Wroclaw Poland
5
exhibition Archaeological House Wroclaw 9/2009
…land Sweden no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 7, 8, 9
 Berg 1943, 87, fig. 10 Nordiska Museet 136.223
Uppsala Sweden no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 19
 Berg 1943, 87, fig. 8 Nordiska Museet 8.727
Mälarsee Sweden no date no date
300
 ? ?
Herman 1902, 226
Lund Sweden no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 8
 Berg 1943, 87, fig. 9 Nordiska Museet 189.123
By, Dalarna Sweden no date no date
1
 Horse Metapodium
2, 19
 Berg 1943, 87, fig. 7 Nordiska Museet 79.992
Moosseedorf, Kanton Bern Switzerland no date
1
 horse metatarsus
2
 Anonymus 1898b, 177; Grütter, pers. com. 16.1.1995; Gummel 1923, 19; von Trölsch 1902, 101 Bernisches Historisches Museum 1186

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